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How Cool is Google 
How Cool is Google StealThis Be well CM3
a very good link http://www.inequality.org/
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
well put together site
Politics
My radicalism isn't naive [1], but it is based on simple questions.
Why are people poor? How come people starve when there's enough food
to feed the world?
Why has there never been a woman president in this country?
Why is the median income for Blacks and Latinos more than 30 times
lower than that of whites?
Why does the richest 1% of the U.S. population own more wealth than
the bottom 92% combined?
Why do schools where rich people live get so much more funding than
the schools where poor people live, and how is that "equal opportunity?"
My radicalism is a refusal to ignore or turn away from these questions.
Following them through to their conclusions means a commitment to working
for some serious changes in the way society is organized. (For more statistics
on how insane the distribution of wealth in the U.S. and the world is, see
"facts and figures" from www.inequality.org.)
The only general answer i've found to these questions is also fairly simple:
this system exists not because of some kind of silly mistake, but because
it benefits the rich, the white,men, North Americans, etc.
A whiteboy's notes on racism and antiracism
It's not "prejudice" that's the real problem today. It's an entrenched system
of white supremacy that governs U.S. society and most of the world that is
the problem.
Socialism
I'm a socialist. The economic system we have now, capitalism, says democracy
is fine for making political decisions, but it isn't fine when it comes to making
economic decisions, such as what work needs to be done and what aspects
of that work should be prioritized (e.g.,research to develop Viagra, or to produce
cheap HIV/AIDs treatments?), who gets the rewards of that work and in what proportions, etc. I think the economy, like every facet of social life,should be
democractic.
[more to follow]
Writing
Swarthmore College (All of this is horribly academic.)
2002. "Colonial Super-exploitation in Southern Africa: Mines, Migrancy, and Indirect Rule."html, pdf
2002. "Esperando en silencio: la narración del destino amargo en 'Es que somos muy pobres.'"html, pdf
2002. "La identidad desestabilizada: el viaje mágico de Aura." html, pdf
2001. "The 2001 Elections in Nicaragua: Investigations and Analysis." html, pdf. [short version: html, pdf]
2001. "Reclaiming Democracy: Sandinista Nicaragua and Lessons for the Left." Word.
2001. "Black Reconstruction in South Carolina." html, pdf.
2001. "Pascal's Triangle, Combinations, and the Binomial Theorem." pdf.
2000. "Hobbes, Mill, and the Denial of Difference." html, pdf.
2000. "Social Hierarchy and Classroom Performance." html.
1999. "Gender and 'Progress' in Dangarembga's Nervous Conditions." html, pdf. [revised May
2001: pdf ]
1999. "The Case of Mumia Abu-Jamal." [coming soon]
1999. "In Our Image: Empire As We Like It." [review] html, pdf.
Selected works by the semi-collective:
Basset, R. K. 2001. Background to Israel-Palestine conflict. [soon] html, pdf.
Delgado, C. 2001. "The Evolution of the Welfare Queen Myth." html, pdf.
---. 2000. "Objectifying the Other: Foucault and the Rise of the Prison-Industrial Complex."html, pdf.
Coming soon: annotated bibliographies. Send me short
(2-10 paragraph) critical summaries of books you like,
especially on left social, political, cultural
analysis.
Woah! Britney Spears guide to Semiconductor Physics: semiconductor physics, Edge Emitting
Lasers and VCSELs
Organic semiconductors span from quantum mechanics to human disease. For example, like Schroedinger's Cat, Darwin's deaf white kitty illustrates a macro quantum phenomenon. This is strong electron-phonon coupling in potent sound-absorbing
organic semiconductors such as inner-ear melanin. Likewise, these materials promise exciting new technology such as organic light-emitting diode ( OLED ) displays, as well as literal "printed" circuits. Finally, the conducting polymer melanin figures in (e.g.) melanoma, deafness, and Parkinson's disease.
?????????hoax 4 sure !!!!!!!!!!!!
It is a little known fact, that Ms Spears is an expert in
semiconductor physics. Not content with just singing
and acting, in the following pages, she will guide you
in the fundamentals of the vital laser components that
have made it possible to hear her super music in a
digital format.
Dr. Eugene F. Mallove Editor-in-Chief, Infinite Energy Magazine
Director, New Energy Research Laboratory
PO Box 2816
Concord, NH 03302-2816
editor@infinite-energy.com
Ph: 603-228-4516
Fx: 603-224-5975
Not just another elobrate Hoax web site
every body checks out...
From: "eric" <eric@v...>
Date: Tue Apr 16, 2002 1:31 am
Subject: free energy - general updates
Britney's Guide to Semiconductor Physics - there is
actually some good physics discussion here:
the following is a good overview of high mileage carb claims:
The following quote comes from another list:
I already mentioned the book; "THE
FREE-ENERGY DEVICE HANDBOOK"
"A compilation of Patents & Reports"
published by Adventures Unlimited
Press ISBN 0-932813-24-0, copyright
1994, by David Hatcher Childress
It lists many alleged
"FREE-ENERGY" devices starting
with Lodestone at
top of ramp so iron ball would roll up
to it then fall back down over and
over. The "Letter of Peregrinus" was
written in 1269 describing how
lodestones
work, and how maybe they could be
used for perpetual motion. So in the
733 years since then, why haven't any
working models been found?
That book has many other alleged
"free energy" devices described.
Check for it at your local book store, very
entertaining.
Eugene "this time we're almost there" Mallove recently preached the following CF hagiography:
Eric
----- Original Message -----
From: Integrity Research Institute, Thomas Valone
To: Integrity Research Institute, Thomas Valone
Sent: Sunday, April 14, 2002 1:37 AM
Subject: Navy Report Supports Cold Fusion
Future Energy eNews April 15, 2002
----- Original Message -----
From: "Eugene F. Mallove" <editor@infinite-energy.com>
To: "Eugene Mallove" <editor@infinite-energy.com>
Sent: Friday, April 12, 2002 7:28 PM
Subject: New Navy Report Supports Cold Fusion
All,
A new official report just out, prepared by the U.S. Navy, is strongly
supportive of cold fusion research:
TECHNICAL REPORT 1862, February 2002
Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System
(In two volumes)
It is a public document with unlimited distribution, so we are posting below
some of the introductory material in each of the volumes.
Infinite Energy will be making copies of the full report -- hard copy, CD
version, and perhaps web site posting. We'll keep you posted about the
availability of the full document.
I wish to highlight in particular this statement from the Foreword:
"As I write this Foreword, California is experiencing rolling blackouts due
to power shortages. Conventional engineering, planned ahead, could have
prevented these blackouts, but it has been politically expedient to ignore
the inevitable. We do not know if Cold Fusion will be the answer to future
energy needs, but we do know the existence of Cold Fusion phenomenon
through repeated observations by scientists throughout the world. It is
time that this phenomenon be investigated so that we can reap whatever
benefits accrue from additional scientific understanding. It is time for
government funding organizations to invest in this research.
Dr. Frank E. Gordon
Head, Navigation and Applied Sciences Department
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego"
Sincerely,
Dr. Eugene F. Mallove
Editor-in-Chief, Infinite Energy Magazine
Director, New Energy Research Laboratory
PO Box 2816
Concord, NH 03302-2816
Ph: 603-228-4516
Fx: 603-224-5975
***********
TECHNICAL REPORT 1862, February 2002
Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System
Volume 1: A Decade of Research at Navy Laboratories
S. Szpak, P. A. Mosier-Boss, Editors
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego
SSC San Diego
San Diego, CA 92152-5001
SSC SAN DIEGO
San Diego, California 92152-5001
P. A. Miller, CAPT, USN Commanding Officer
R. C. Kolb, Executive Director
ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
The work described in this report was performed for the Office of Naval
Research through the collaboration of Space and Naval Warfare Systems
Center, San Diego (SSC San Diego); the Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons
Division, China Lake; and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL).
Released by
G. W. Anderson, Head
Applied Research & Technology Branch
Under authority of R. H. Moore, Head, Environmental Sciences Division
Contributing authors (in alphabetical order)
Dr. Pamela A. Mosier-Boss
Code D363
Spawar Systems Center San Diego
San Diego, CA 92152-5000
(619) 553-1603; FAX (619) 553-1269; e-mail bossp@spawar.navy.mil
Dr. Scott R. Chubb
Code 7252
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, DC 20375-5343
(202) 767-5270; FAX (202) 767-3303; e-mail scott.chubb@nrl.navy.mil
Professor Martin Fleischmann, F.R.S.
Bury Lodge, Duck Street
Tisbury, Salisbury, Wilts SP3 6LJ
United Kingdom
FAX (+44) 1747 870845
Dr. M. Ashraf Imam
Code 6320
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, DC 20375-5343
(202) 767-2185; FAX (202) 767-2623 e-mail imam@angil.nrl.navy,mil
Dr. Melvin H. Miles
Department of Chemistry
Middle Tennessee State University
Murfreeboro, TN 37132
(615) 904-8558; e-mail mmiles@mtsu.edu
Dr. Stanislaw Szpak
3498 Conrad Ave
San Diego, CA 92117
(858) 272-9401
FOREWORD
Twelve years have passed since the announcement on 23 March 1989 by
Professors Fleischmann and Pons that the generation of excess enthalpy
occurs in electrochemical cells when palladium electrodes, immersed in D2O
+ LiOH electrolyte, are negatively polarized. The announcement, which came
to be known as "Cold Fusion," caused frenzied excitement. In both the
scientific and news communities, fax machines were used to pass along
fragments of rumor and "facts." (Yes, this was before wide spread use of
the internet. One can only imagine what would happen now.) Companies and
individuals rushed to file patents on yet to be proven ideas in hopes of
winning the grand prize. Unfortunately, the phenomenon described by
Fleischmann and Pons was far from being understood and even factors
necessary for repeatability of the experiments were unknown. Over the next
few months, the scientific community became divided into the "believers"
and the "skeptics." The "believers" reported the results of their work with
enthusiasm that at times overstated the significance of their results. On
the other hand, many "skeptics" rejected the anomalous behavior of the
polarized Pd/D system as a matter of conviction, i.e., without analyzing
the presented material and always asking "where are the neutrons?" Funding
for research quickly dried up as anything related to "Cold Fusion" was
portrayed as a hoax and not worthy of funding. The term "Cold Fusion" took
on a new definition much as the Ford Edsel had done years earlier.
By the Second International Conference on Cold Fusion, held at Villa Olmo,
Como, Italy, in June/July 1991, the altitude toward Cold Fusion was
beginning to take on a more scientific basis. The number of
flash-in-the-pan "believers" had diminished, and the "skeptics" were
beginning to be faced with having to explain the anomalous phenomenon,
which by this time had been observed by many credible scientists throughout
the world. Shortly after this conference, the Office of Naval Research
(ONR) proposed a collaborative effort involving the Naval Command, Control
and Ocean Surveillance Center, RDT&E Division, which subsequently has
become the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego (SSC San
Diego); the Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, China Lake; and the
Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The effort's basic premise was to
investigate the anomalous effects associated with the prolonged charging of
the Pd/D system and "to contribute in collegial fashion to a coordinated
trilaboratory experiment."
Each laboratory took a different area of research. At San Diego, our goal
was to understand the conditions that initiate the excess heat generation
(the Fleischmann-Pons effect) and the search for evidence that indicates
their nuclear origin. To eliminate the long incubation times (often weeks),
Drs. Stan Szpak and Pam Boss decided to prepare the palladium electrodes by
the co-deposition technique. Initially, they concentrated on tritium
production and the monitoring of emanating radiation. More recently, they
extended their effort to monitoring surface temperature via IR imaging
technique and showed the existence of discrete heat sources randomly
distributed in time and space. This discovery may prove to be a significant
contribution to the understanding of the phenomenon.
At China Lake, Dr. Miles and his collaborators showed that a correlation
exists between the rate of the excess enthalpy generation and the quantity
of helium in the gas stream. Such a correlation is the direct evidence of
the nuclear origin of the Fleischmann-Pons effect.
The research at NRL was directed toward the metallurgy of palladium and its
alloys and the theoretical aspects of the Fleischmann-Pons effect. In
particular, Dr. Imam prepared Pd/B alloys that Dr. Miles used in
calorimetric experiments. It was shown that these alloys yielded
reproducible excess enthalpy generation with minimal incubation times
(approximately 1 day). The theoretical work of Dr. Chubb contributed much
to our understanding of the Fleischmann-Pons effect.
Although funding for Cold Fusion ended several years ago, progress in
understanding the phenomenon continues at a much slower pace, mostly
through the unpaid efforts of dedicated inquisitive scientists. In
preparation of this report the authors spent countless hours outside of
their normal duties to jointly review their past and current contributions,
including the "hidden" agenda that Professor Fleischmann pursued for
several years in the 1980s when he was partially funded by ONR. Special
thanks are extended to all scientists who have worked under these
conditions, including those who contributed to this report and especially
to Professor Fleischmann.
As I write this Foreword, California is experiencing rolling blackouts due
to power shortages. Conventional engineering, planned ahead, could have
prevented these blackouts, but it has been politically expedient to ignore
the inevitable. We do not know if Cold Fusion will be the answer to future
energy needs, but we do know the existence of Cold Fusion phenomenon
through repeated observations by scientists throughout the world. It is
time that this phenomenon be investigated so that we can reap whatever
benefits accrue from additional scientific understanding. It is time for
government funding organizations to invest in this research.
Dr. Frank E. Gordon
Head, Navigation and Applied Sciences Department
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. THE EMERGENCE OF COLD FUSION
S. Szpak and P. A. Mosier-Boss
2. EVENTS IN A POLARIZED Pd+D ELECTRODES PREPARED BY CO-DEPOSITION
TECHNIQUE
S. Szpak and P. A. Mosier-Boss
3. EXCESS HEAT AND HELIUM PRODUCTION IN PALLADIUM AND PALLADIUM ALLOYS
Melvin H. Miles
4. ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENT MC-21: A CASE STUDY
Part I: Development of Diagnostic Criteria
Part II: Application of Diagnostic Criteria
S. Szpak, P. A. Mosier-Boss, M. H. Miles, M. A. Imam and M. Fleischmann
5. AN OVERVIEW OF COLD FUSION THEORY
Scott Chubb
APPENDIX: LISTING OF PUBLICATIONS/PRESENTATIONS RELATED TO COLD FUSION
BY
NAVY LABORATORIES
STAFF
************
VOLUME #2
TECHNICAL REPORT 1862
February 2002
Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System
Volume 2: Simulation of the Electrochemical Cell (ICARUS) Calorimetry
S. Szpak
P. A. Mosier-Boss
Editors
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SPAWAR
Systems Center San Diego
SSC San Diego
San Diego, CA 92152-5001
FOREWORD
The calorimetry of any electrochemical cell involves two type of
activities: data collection and data evaluation. The required data are the
cell potential-time and cell temperature-time series. The evaluation is
based on conservation laws subject to constraints dictated by cell design
and the adapted experimental procedure.
Volume 2 of this report deals with the modeling and simulation of the
Dewar-type calorimeter. It was written by Professor Fleischmann to provide
an authoritative discussion of the calorimetry of electrochemical cells.
The emphasis is on the interpretation of data and the accuracy of the
determination of the excess enthalpy generation via the appropriate
selection of heat transfer coefficients. The discussion of the calorimetry
of the Dewar-type cells is presented in the form of technical report for a
number of reasons, among them: (I) its length would likely prohibit
publication in topical journals, (ii) to clarify misunderstandings
regarding the principles of calorimetry as applied to electrochemical cell
in general and to the cell employed by Fleischmann and his collaborators,
in particular.
S. Szpak and P.A. Mosier-Boss, eds.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
SYMBOLS USED
1. THE EVOLUTION OF THE ICARUS DATA EVALUATION STRATEGIES
2. DEFINITION OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS
3. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS GOVERNING THE BEHAVIOR OF THE CALORIMETERS:
SIMULATIONS OF THE TEMPERATURE-TIME SERIES
4. SPECIFICATION OF THE ICARUS-1 EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS AND DATA
EVALUATION
PROCEDURES
5. EVALUATION OF THE "RAW DATA" GENERATED USING THE SIMULATION
DESCRIBED IN
SECTION 4
6. EVALUATION OF A MEASUREMENT CYCLE FOR A "BLANK EXPERIMENT" USING
AN
ICARUS-2 SYSTEM
7. ASSESSMENT OF THE SPECIFICATION OF THE ICARUS-1 EXPERIMENTAL
PROTOCOLS
AND DATA
EVALUATION PROCEDURES
REFERENCES
FIGURES
TABLES
INTRODUCTION
Apart from some fragmentary investigations, primarily related to the study
of the self-discharge of batteries, there exists no well defined set of
studies in the field of the electrochemical calorimetry. We note that such
studies would allow the investigation of the thermal behavior of a wide
range of reactions, especially irreversible processes. Thus, the
establishment of an accurate model of an experiment is very important.
However, as this aspect is not generally understood, we felt it necessary
to produce this document.
In spite of its length, this volume only covers the analysis of a data set
generated by calculation and one measurement cycle for a "blank
experiment." We believe that it is very important to produce a detailed
analysis and account (as far as is possible at this stage) of the
methodology which we adopted. This is especially important in view of the
misleading comments which have been made about the calorimetry of the Pd/D
system. Taken at face value, one must believe that the workers concerned do
not understand the difference between differential and integral
coefficients, the disadvantages of differentiating "noisy" data as compared
to integrating such data, the differences between the precision and
accuracy of data evaluations, the recognition of "negative" and "positive
feedback," the analysis of cooling curves, etc. They do not understand
relaxation nor recognize the presence of strange attractors and the way in
which the effects of such complications can be circumvented. [1]
It is relevant here to reflect on the precision and accuracy of the
experiments. Of course, if the precision is high, then there will be no
difficulty in interpreting changes in the rates of excess enthalpy
generation as small as 1 mW at the 10-sigma level. [2]. Of course, the
question of the magnitude of the errors raises three further important
questions: (I) what error limits are required so as to be able to detect
excess enthalpy generation at an adequate level of statistical
significance? (ii) what is the difference (if any) between the experiments
carried out with ICARUS systems and ICARUS lookalikes and with other types
of calorimetry? (iii) how can one assess the error limits of a given piece
of instrumentation?
The answer is that one simply stops the development of the methodology when
one is able to make an adequate set of measurements. We note here that this
particular specification is itself dependent on the physical size of the
systems being investigated as well as the chosen operating conditions. In
our particular investigation the limit was certainly reached when the
errors had been reduced to the 0.01% level. Naturally, the first question
impacts on the second and we note that it is the use of less precise and
accurate calorimetric methods which has bedeviled so much of the research
in this field. The reason is that with the use of less precise/accurate
methods, it becomes impossible to monitor the build-up of excess enthalpy
generation. This then brings us to the third question and the answer to
this is exactly with the methods outlined in this document, at least as far
as isoperibolic calorimetry is concerned (although it is not very difficult
to specify improvements in those methods!). [3] It is relevant that
although errors had undoubtedly been made in setting up these experiments,
the detailed data analyses had also shown the way in which such errors
could be allowed for. [4]
To reiterate, we considered it necessary to produce this document for the
following reasons: Firstly, it is always essential to determine the
Instrument Function (or of a parameter or sets of parameters which define
the Instrument Function) and to validate the methods of data analysis. Such
validation is best done using simulated/calculated data. Secondly, one
needs to see the extent to which "blank" experiments conform to
expectations. Thirdly, one needs to investigate the ways in which methods
of data analysis may fail.
Footnotes:
(l.) Of course, it is possible that the researchers concerned do not
understand any of these matters, but what is so remarkable is that they
have failed to understand these topics even when they have been described
to them.
(2) However, the high precision of the instrumentation (relative errors
below 0.01%) has been converted into a 10% error by the group at NHE. It is
hard to see how anybody can make such an assertion while still keeping a
straight face. If the errors were as high as this, then it would be
impossible to say anything sensible about calorimetry - for that matter, it
would remove one of the main planks of scientific methodology
(3) The answer to this question brings us to very interesting further lines
of enquiry which can be summarized by the question: "why is it that NHE
have never made any sets of raw data for blank experiments available for
further analysis?" If one considers this question in a naive way, then one
would say that there can hardly be any reason for not releasing data sets
which do not show any generation of excess enthalpy!
(4) Instead of seeking to establish the correct way(s) of calibrating the
systems, the group at NHE used the procedure leading to (k^',0 R)362,
probably coupled to timing errors in the calibration pulse which they did
not allow for. Needless to say, this produced nonsensical results which
they used as a justification for substituting an invalid method of data
analysis. Moreover, this invalid method of data analysis was applied to
just two experiments, regarded as being typical, although the fact that
there were malfunctions in these experiments has also been pointed out.
These reports are available at:
Vol.I, 3.5 Meg ~121 pages
Vol. II, 178 pgs, 42,810 kbytes
forwarded as a courtesy from www.integrityresearchinstitute.org
More
????????????
Brittany spears!! didn't she retire?
From: Cicero
Category: Urban Legend / Myth / Hoax
Date: 31 Mar 2003
Time: 11:37:04
Remote Name: 12.222.252.129
Comments
Im waiting for the charlton heston course on loop structure and advanced algorythms in software
engineering. http://www.britneyspears.ac/lasers.htm
Last changed: March 31, 2003
"A call to create a United States of Africa"
STATEMENT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA,
NELSON MANDELA, AT THE OAU MEETING OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT
Tunis, 13-15 June 1994
Mr Chairman,
Distinguished Heads of State and Government, Heads of Delegations, Your Excellencies, Ministers,
Ambassadors and High Commissioner, Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen.
In the distant days of antiquity, a Roman sentenced this African city to death: "Carthage must be destroyed
(Carthago delenda est)".
And Carthage was destroyed. Today we wander among its ruins, only our imagination and historical records enable us to
experience its magnificence. Only our African being makes it possible for us to hear the piteous cries of the victims of the
vengeance of the Roman Empire.
And yet we can say this, that all human civilisation rests on foundations such as the ruins of the African city of Carthage.
These architectural remains, like the pyramids of Egypt, the sculptures of the ancients kingdoms of Ghana and Mali and
Benin, like the temples of Ethiopia, the Zimbabwe ruins and the rock paintings of the Kgalagadi and Namib deserts, all
speak of Africa's contribution to the formation of the condition of civilisation.
But in the end, Carthage was destroyed. During the long interregnum, the children of Africa were carted away as slaves.
Our lands became the property of other nations, our resources a source of enrichment for other peoples and our kings and
queens mere servants of foreign powers.
In the end, we were held out as the outstanding example
of the beneficiaries of charity, because we became the
permanent victims of famine, of destructive conflicts and
of the pestilence of the natural world. On our knees because
history, society and nature had defeated us, we could be
nothing but beggars.
What the Romans had sought with the
destruction of Carthage, had been achieved.
But the ancient pride of the peoples of our continent asserted itself and gave us hope in the form of giants such as Queen
Regent Labotsibeni of Swaziland, Mohammed V of Morocco, Abdul Gamal Nasser of Egypt, Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana,
Murtala Mohammed of Nigeria, Patrice Lumumba of Zaire, Amilcar Cabral of Guinea Bissau, Aghostino Neto of Angola,
Eduardo Mondlane and Samora Machel of Mozambique, Seretse Khama of Botswana, WEB Du Bois and Martin Luther
king of America, Marcus Garvey of Jamaica, Albert Luthuli and Oliver Thambo of South Africa.
By their deeds, by the struggles they led, these and many other patriots said to us that neither Carthage nor Africa had
been destroyed. They conveyed the message that the long interregnum of humiliation was over. It is in their honour that we
stand here today. It is a tribute to their heroism that, today, we are able to address this august gathering.
The titanic effort that has brought liberation to South Africa, and ensured the total liberation of Africa, constitutes an act
of redemption for the black people of the world.
It is a gift of emancipation also to those who, because they were
white, imposed on themselves the heavy burden of assuming the mantle of rulers of all humanity. It says to all who will listen and understand that, by ending the apartheid barbarity that was the offspring of European colonisation, Africa has, once more,
contributed to the advance of human civilisation and further
expanded the frontiers of liberty everywhere.
We are here today not to thank you, dear brothers and sisters, because such thanks would be misplaced among
fellow-combatants - we are here to salute and congratulate you for a most magnificent and historical victory over an
inhuman system whose very name was tyranny, injustice and bigotry.
When the history of our struggle is written, it will tell a glorious tale of African solidarity, of African's adherence to principles.
It will tell a moving story of the sacrifices that the peoples of our continent made, to ensure that that intolerable insult to
human dignity, the apartheid crime against humanity, became a thing of the past. It will speak of the contributions of
freedom - whose value is as measureless as the gold beneath the soil of our country - the contribution which all of Africa
made, from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea in the north, to the confluence of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans in the
north.
Africa shed her blood and surrendered the lives of her children
so that all her children could be free. She gave of her limited
wealth and resources so that all of Africa should be liberated.
She opened heart of hospitality and her head so full of wise
counsel, so that we should emerge victorious. A million times,
she put her hand to the plough that has now dug up the
encrusted burden of oppression accumulated for centuries.
The total liberation of Africa from foreign and white minority rule has now been achieved. Our colleagues who have served with distinction on the OAU liberation
committee have already carried out the historical task of winding up this institution,
which we shall always remember as a frontline fighter for the emancipation of the
people of our continent.
Finally, at this summit meeting in Tunis, we shall remove from our agenda the consideration of the question
of Apartheid South Africa.
Where South Africa appears on the agenda again, let it be because we
want to discuss what its contribution shall be to the making of the new
African renaissance. Let it be because we want to discuss what materials
it will supply for the rebuilding of the African city of Carthage.
One epoch with its historic tasks has come to an end. Surely, another
must commence with its own challenges. Africa cries out for a new birth, Carthage awaits the restoration of its glory.
If freedom was the crown which the fighters of liberation sought to place on the head of mother Africa, let the upliftment
, the happiness, prosperity and comfort of her children be the jewel of the crown.
There can be no dispute among us that we must bend every effort to rebuild the African economies. You, your excellencies,
have discussed this matter many times and elaborated the ideas whose implementation would lead us to success.
The fundamentals of what needs to be done are known to all of us. Not least among these are the need to address the
reality that Africa continues to be a net exporter of capital and suffers from deteriorating terms of trade. Our capacity to be
self-reliant, to find the internal resources to generate sustained development, remains very limited.
Quite correctly, we have also spent time discussing the equally complex questions that bear on the nature and quality of
governance. These, too, are central to our capacity to produce the better life which our people demand and deserve. In this
regard, we surely must face the matter squarely that where there is something wrong in the manner in which we govern
ourselves, it must be said that the fault is not in our starts, but in ourselves that we are ill-governed.
Tribute is due to the great thinkers of our continent who have been and are trying to move all of us to understand the
intimate inter-connection between the great issues of our day of peace, stability, democracy, human rights, co-operation
and development.
Even as we speak, Rwanda stands out as a stern and severe rebuke to all of us for having failed to address these
interrelated matters. As a result of that, a terrible slaughter of the innocent is taking place in front of our very eyes.
Thus do we give reason to the peoples of the world to say of Africa that she will never know stability and peace, that she
will never experience development and growth, that her children will forever be condemned to poverty and dehumanisation
and that we shall for ever be knocking on somebody's door pleading for a slice of bread.
We know it is a matter of fact that we have it in ourselves as Africans to change all this. We must, in action, assert our will
to do so. We must, in action, say that there is no obstacle big enough to stop us from bringing about a new African
renaissance.
We are happy, Mr Chairman, to commit South Africa to the achievement of these goals. We have entered this eminent
African organisation and rejoined the African community of nations inspired by the desire to join hands with all the countries
of our continent as equal partners.
It will never happen again that our country should seek to dominate another through force of arms, economic might or
subversion. We are determined to remain true to the vision which you held out for South Africa as you joined the offensive to
destroy the system of apartheid.
The vision you shared with us was one of a non-racial society, whose very being would assert the ancient African values of
respect for every person and commitment to the elevation of human dignity, regardless of colour or race.
What we all aimed for was a South Africa which would succeed in banishing the ethnic and national conflicts which
continue to plague our continent. What we, together, hoped to see, was a new South Africa freed of conflict among its
people and the violence that has taken such a heavy toll, freed of the threat of the civil strife that has turned millions of
people into refugees both inside and outside our countries.
We all prayed and sacrificed to bring about a South Africa that we could hold out as a true example of the democracy,
equality and justice for all, which the apartheid system was constructed and intended to deny.
The vision you shared with us was one in which we would use the resources of our country to create a society in which all
our people would be emancipated from the scourges of poverty, disease, ignorance and backwardness.
The objectives we will pursued was the creation of a South Africa that would be a good neighbour and an equal partner with
all the countries of our continent, one which would use its abilities and potentialities to help advance the common struggle
to secure Africa's rightful place within the world economic and political system.
Thus must we build on the common victory of the total emancipation
of Africa to obtain new successes for our continent as a whole.
Mr Chairman:
We are ready to contribute what we can to help end